(一) 仪器和用具
阿贝氏折射计;小烧杯;玻棒:一头烧成圆形。试镜纸、镊子、脱脂棉等。
(二)试剂
乙醚;乙醇
(三)操作方法
1、校正仪器:放平仪器,用脱脂棉蘸乙醚揩净上下棱镜,在温度计座处插入温度计。用温度计。用已知折光指数的物质校正仪器(常用纯水或a-溴代苯或标准玻片进行校正),如不符合校准物质的折光指数时,用小钥匙拧动目镜下方的小螺丝,把明暗分界线调整正切在十字交叉线的交叉点上。
2、测定:用圆头玻璃取混匀、过滤的试样两滴,滴在棱镜上(玻璃不要触及镜面),转动上棱镜,关紧两块棱镜。约经3min待试样温度稳定后,拧动阿米西棱镜手轮和棱镜转动手轮,使视野分成清晰可见的两个明暗部分,其分界线恰好在十字交叉的焦点上,记下标尺读数和温度。
(四)结果计算
标尺读数即为测定温度条件下的折光指数值。如测定温度不在20℃时,必须按下列公式换算为20℃时的折光指数(n20).
折光指数(n20)=nt+0.00038×(t-20)式中,nt—油温在t℃时测得的折光指数;
t—测定折光指数时的油温;0.00038—油温在10~30℃范围内,每差1℃时折光指数的校正系数。
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